麦積山石窟
文化遺産Tianshui, China
麦積山石窟の見学案内
- 入場料
- ￥1,924
- 等級
- 暂无评级
麦積山石窟について
The Maijishan Grottoes are one of the four great Buddhist cave temples of ancient China, carved into a sheer, haystack-shaped sandstone peak rising from the western Qinling Mountains near Tianshui. Inscribed as part of the UNESCO World Heritage serial property "Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshui Corridor," the site preserves more than a millennium of continuous Buddhist art along the corridor through which monks, merchants, and diplomats once traveled between Chang'an and Central Asia. For foreign visitors tracing the Silk Road through Gansu, Maijishan is a quieter, cooler, and more intimate counterpart to Mogao in Dunhuang.
What sets Maijishan apart from Mogao, Yungang, and Longmen is its clay. The soft, fractured sandstone of the mountain could not hold sharp relief carving, so artisans applied layered clay and plaster to the cave walls, then modeled and painted figures in extraordinary detail. The result is the largest surviving body of medieval Buddhist clay sculpture in China. Serene Buddhas, graceful bodhisattvas, kneeling attendants, and expressive donor figures trace evolving aesthetics across the Northern Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Song, and Ming dynasties, blending Central Asian Gupta-Indian features with gradually Sinicized faces and robes.
The signature experience at Maijishan is walking the suspended wooden plank roads that cling to the vertical cliff face, threading past dozens of caves at vertiginous heights. Highlights include the tall seated Buddha group of the upper niche overlooking the valley and the delicate "Scattered Flower" cave complex, where airborne apsaras seem to drift across the ceiling. The panoramic view from the upper walkways takes in forested ridges folding into deep gorges, an unusually green landscape within dry Gansu.
Plan a half-day visit. The climb involves many stairs and some exposure, so comfortable shoes and a measured pace are essential. Spring and autumn offer the best light on the painted figures and the clearest views of the Qinling ranges. Treat the site as an open-air museum of medieval Buddhist sculpture rather than a single monument, and it will reward slow looking at every cave along the route.
文化遺産
The Maijishan Grottoes stand some thirty kilometres southeast of Tianshui in the Xiaolong Mountains, named for the haystack shape of the cliff, first cut under the Later Qin and extended through the Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Song and Yuan across more than sixteen hundred years. Ranked with Mogao, Longmen and Yungang as one of China's four great grottoes, it is famed for its clay sculpture and called the Museum of Oriental Sculpture. The caves cling to the cliff face twenty to eighty metres above the ground, linked by aerial walkways in a breathtaking sweep. In 2014 Maijishan was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list as one of the thirty-three sites of "Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor."
見学案内: Climbing the aerial walkways, the tiers of niches and figures press in from the cliff: the slender elegance of the Northern Wei, the strength of the Northern Zhou, the worldly warmth of the Song, all visible at once in Maijishan's clay. The figures and murals of caves such as 44, 133 and 127 hold the gaze, where craftsmen a thousand years ago worked clay as their brush; at the top one turns to see the lone haystack peak ringed by mountains, the most moving silhouette on the eastern Silk Road.
Tianshuiのその他の観光スポット
Tianshuiへの旅行を計画する
麦積山石窟を中心とした旅行の費用を確認しましょう。Tianshuiのホテル・食事・交通の実際の料金がわかります。